Steam-generator.



No. 764,424. PATENTED JULY 5, 1904, M. E, P. 01141200412. STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. 1903. no MODEL. 4 s 8HEETS-SHBET 1.

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I M. E. P. OHABOOHE.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR,121. 1903.

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WZTNEFFIZJ IAZVENTUK ATTURNEYE No. 764,424. PATENTED JULY 5, 1904.

M. E. P. GHABOGHE.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. 1903.

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UNITED STATES Patented July 5, 1904.

MARIE EDMOND PHILBERT OHABOOHE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 764,424, dated July 5, 1904.

Application filed March 1903. Serial No. 1%,9'76. (No model.)

To all, whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARIE EDMOND PHIL.- BERT OHABooHE, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement Relating to Steam-Generators, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention has for its object a boiler of the type termed "instantanecos-vaporization boilers, principally intended for steam-driven vehicles, but capable of a large number of other applications. This boiler is represented, by way of example,in the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of the boiler. Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the boiler; and Fig. 4 is a view of the device combined with the boiler and serving to prevent this latter from being subjected to excessive pressures when a stoppage occurs, while at the same time maintaining the desired steampressure for permitting immediate starting.

The boiler is essentially constituted by a series of coils, which are hereinafter described in detail. The water is introduced at a into the lower coil (4, which is arranged in the form of a grating. This grating serves as a support for a coil 5, wound spirally and forming several parallel rows of live or even more Above the coil 6 is suspended at the upper portion of the boiler by means of rods or other suitable parts (not represented in the drawings) a series of coils 0 c c 0, the number of these coils depending upon the dimensions of the boiler. These coils are spirally wound. One portion is perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 1, the other portion parallel; but it should be understood that without in any way modifying the device all these coils c 0 0" 0 may be either perpendicular or parallel to the plane-of Fig. i

For the purpose of connecting the various coils one with theother and in order to perrnit of ready access to the connecting-rings each of them is provided with an admission and an outlet socket which extend outside the boiler, properly so called, at 61 into a chamber which in normal operation will be covered by a hood 6. It will therefore be noticed that the boiler consists of three partsone constituted by the grating (30, the other by the coil 6, and the third by the group of coils 0 0 0" c'.

If the unions connecting the various coils are unscrewed, all the coils c c c 0 may be removed at the upper part of the boiler en M00.

The coil 6 may be withdrawn through an aperture or door situated in front of the furnace and normally closed by a plug f. This coil t may therefore be withdrawn as a drawer, so to speak.

The communications are as follows: The water enters the grating 66- through the pipe Thence by way of the pipe 1 the water mixed with steam passes to the coil 0'. The mixture of water and steam then passes successively into the coils c c c. From the coil 0 the steam finally passes through the conduit2 into the coil 6, passes through this coil, and leaves the boiler through the conduit 3.

The coilb constitutes the hottest part of the boiler. It is raised to a red heat. This part therefore wears more rapidly than the others, and it is in order that it may be readily changed that this coil is adapted to be withdrawn at the front portion of the boiler without touching any other of its constituent parts.

In the boiler the water and steam which is formed traverse the boiler with extraordinary rapidity, usually at a velocity of two hundred to three hundred kilometers per hour. The circular arrangement of the coil (0 serves aspecial purpose. If a drop of water traverses the boiler in the spheroidal state, (as a result of calefaction,) in view of its velocity and by virtue of centrifugal force it becomes flattened against the outer wall of the spiral with great force, it tends to break up, and the spheroidal form if it was possible at one moment cannot continue. It follows from this that priming, which is so frequent in boilers the tubes of which present straight portions, cannot take place. For the same reasons incrustation is rendered impossible.

" In instantaneous-vaporization boilers, and in particular in the boiler which has just been described, the actual interior volume occupied by the water and steam is exceedingly small and does not often attain five or six liters for a twelve-horse-power boiler. It follows from this that if the valve or cock for admitting the steam to the cylinder of the engine is suddenly closed the pressure in the boiler suddenly rises in a manner which is sometimes incompatible with the powers of resistance of the material. In order to obviate this defect, the following device is combined with the boiler.

The feed-pump of the boiler sends the water through the pipe 4 into a chamber 6, in which are arranged two valves 7 and 8, the valve 7 being automatic and the valve 8 being actuated by a rod connected to a lever 9, adapted to pivot around the point 15. The extremity of this lever 9 is submitted to the action of a spring 16, the tension of which may be regulated. The object of this spring is hereinafter explained.

A piston 17 is connected, by means of a rod 18, to the lever 9. This piston is adapted for displacement in a cylinder 19, which is constantly in communication with the vessel 11 by the intermediary of a tube 20.

The chamber 21, situated above the mechanically-operated valve 8, is directly connected by a tube (not represented in the drawings) with the feed-trough.

The space or chamber 22, situated above the valve 7, is connected on the one hand to the boiler by the tube 23 and the coil 13 (removed from the act-ion of the furnace) and on the other hand to the vessel 11 by the pipe 10. V

The metal coil 13, through which the feedwater reaches the boiler, is calculated as to weight in accordance with the specific heat of the metal employed so as to be capable of entirely condensing the steam contained in the boiler.

A steam-cock 1 1 permits of admitting the steam to the motor or motors or of intercepting all communication between the boiler and motors.

We will now consider the operation of the apparatus: Owing to the communication of the cylinder 18 with the vessel 11, the piston 17 will be lifted in such a manner as to overcome the resistance of the spring 16. This piston 17 being raised, the valve 8 is open, thus permitting free communication between the chamber 6 with the return of water to the trough. In these conditions the vessel 11 is at the same pressure as the boiler, owing to the direct communication established between these two parts by the pipe 23, the chamber 22, and the conduit 10. So long as the boiler remains at operating pressure, which pressure is regulated by the tension of the spring 16, the feed-pump does not send any water into the boiler. This Water returns directly to the trough through the chamber 21. When the pressure decreases in the boiler owing to boiler should not exceed.

the consumption of steam, it decreases equally in the vessel 11. This pressure is no longer sufficient to maintain the piston 17, raised. This latter therefore descends and by means of the lever 9 closes the valve 8, and in these conditions the water injected by the pump lifts the automatic valve 7 and passes into'the boiler, where the normal pressure is rapidly reestablished, returning all the parts into the positions first considered. A number of pulsations are therefore produced which regulate in an absolute manner the pressure which the This device is of the greatest possible service in permitting of maintaining the boiler at a constant pressure during stoppages of the vehicle. Assuming that owing to the stoppage of the vehicle the cock 1 1 is closed, if the device described did not exist an excessive pressure might be produced in the boiler sufiicient to injure it. Owing to the communication established between the boiler and the vessel 11 by means of the cold coil 13, as soon as an excess of pressure is produced in the boiler under the influence of this excess of pressure a portion of the steam contained in the boiler passes back naturally to the vessel; but this steam in returning passes through the coil 13, condenses, and the pressure again becomes the Y normal pressurewhich should not be exceeded. By means of this arrangement the boiler is always ready to supply the motor at normal running pressure. Upon stoppage by opening the cock 1 1 the regulating device which has been described operates in the same conditions as before the stoppage, and the passage of the feed-water through the coil 13 brings this coil to the proper temperature for a fresh condensation upon the following stoppage of the vehicle.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The combination-with a steam-generator, of a water-supply pipe leading to the generator, a check-valve in said pipe opening toward the generator, a pressure-chamber, a passage leading from the water-supply pipe beyond the check-valve to the pressure-chamber and through which back pressure in the watersupply pipe is communicated to said chamber, a water-return passage leading from the water-supply pipe in advance of the check-valve, a valve in the water-return passage, means for holding said valve closed under normal pressure of steam in the generator, pressure-actuated means communicating with the pressurechamber for opening said valve when the pressure of generated steam exceeds normal.

2. The combination with a steam-generator, of a water-supply pipe leading to the generator, a check-valve in said pipe opening toward the generator, a pressure-chamber, a passage leading from the water-supply pipe beyond the check-valve to the pressure-chamber and through which back pressure in the watersupply pipe is communicated to said chamber, a water-return passage leading from the waten-supply pipe in advance of the check-valve, a valve in the water-return passage, means for holding said valve closed under normalpressure of steam in the generator, pressure-actuated means communicating with the pressurechamber for opening said valve when the pressure of generated steam exceeds normal, and a condenser interposed in the water-supply pipe between the generator and said watersupply-controlling means.

3. The combination with a steam-generator, of a water-supply pipe leading to the generator, a check-valve in said pipe opening toward the generator, a pressure-chamber, a passage leading from the water-supply pipe beyond the check-valve to the pressure-chamber and through which back pressure in the watersupply pipe is communicated to said chamber, a water-return passage leading from thewater-supply pipe in advance of the check-valve, a valve in the water-return passage, means for holding said valve closed under normal pressure of steam in the generator, pressure-actuated means communicating with the pressurechamber for opening said valve when the pressure of generated steam exceeds normal, and a condenser-coil interposed in the water-supply pipe between the generator and said wator-supply-controlling means.

4. The combination with a steam-generator, of a Water-supply pipe leading to the generator, a check-valve in said pipe opening toward the generator, a pressure-chamber, a passage leading from the water-supply pipe beyond the check-valve to the pressure-chamber, a water-return passage leading from the watersupply pipe in advance of the check-valve, a valve in the water-return passage, aspring for holding said valve closed under normal pressure of steam in the generator, pressure-actuating means for opening said valve when the pressure of generated steam exceeds normal, said means comprising a cylinder communieating with the pressure-chamber and a piston connected with the valve.

5. The combination with a steam-generator, of a water-supply pipe or passage leading to said generator, means automatically controlling the water supplied through said pipe according to the pressure of steam generated by the generator, and a condenser interposed in the water-supply pipe between the automatic controlling means and the generator.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MARIE EDMOND PIIILBERT CHABOCHE.

Witnesses:

EMILE LEDRET, AUGUSTUS E. INGRAM. 

